Wassup doc? Heading out for pathology midterm exam!

November 18, 2008

M.U.S.T. Pathology 302 Midterm Exam Nov. 2008

My exam today went something like this:

15 MCQs including 1 case on diseases of the breast

6 Questions:

  1. Enumerate the characteristics and causes of nephrotic syndrome.
  2. Write short notes on pathological types of lung abscess. Mention the complications of lung abscess.
  3. Enumerate the effects and complications of benign nodular hyperplasia of the prostate.
  4. Write short notes on invasive carcinoma of the cervix (emphasize on: Gross appearance, Microscopical appearance, and spread)
  5. Write short assay on fibrocystic disease of the breast
  6. Give an account on the predisposing factors and complications of peptic ulcers.
Time allowed 90 minutes.

18-11-2008
Pathology 302

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November 17, 2008

Public Library in Holland --- Photo


Audio meets Visual
Originally uploaded by Jack Brodus
I found this photo on Flickr and couldn't resist sharing it with you. According to the up loader, the photo was taken in a public library in Holland. Beautiful!

M.U.S.T. Pathology 302 Midterm Topics


Most important topics for pathology 302 midterm at M.U.S.T.

  1. Characteristics of Nephrotic Syndrome
  2. Immune mechanism of glomerular disease
  3. Acute diffuse glomerulonephritis
  4. Pylonephritis
  5. Renal calculi
  6. Renal cell carcinoma
  7. Hydronephrosis
  8. Malignant tumors of urinary bladder
  9. Causes of Hematuria
  10. Seminoma
  11. Benign hyperplasia of the prostate
  12. Carcinoma of the prostate
  13. Chronic cervicitis
  14. Carcinoma of the cervix
  15. Endometriosis
  16. Teratoma of the ovary
  17. Non neoplastic cyst of the ovary
  18. Benign proliferative breast disease
  19. Fibrocystic disease of the breast
  20. In situ carcinom of the breast
  21. Acute tonsillitis
  22. Bronchial asthma
  23. Broncho and lobular pneumonia
  24. Bronchiectasis
  25. Lung abscess
  26. Bronchogenic carcinoma
  27. Inflammatory pleural effusion
  28. Gastritis
  29. Peptic ulcer

Photo credit: Jack Brodus - creative commons.

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November 16, 2008

A new health podcast


Ask the Podcast Doctor:

"David R. Stutz, M.D., is The Podcast Doctor. He brings more than 30 years of primary care experience to provide you with high quality health and wellness information that you can use every day. Ask The Podcast Doctor is your website. You determine what questions you want the Podcast Doctor to answer. This site can only provide general information. It is not and cannot be a substitute for advice and treatment from your own health care providers. If you have a problem that needs attention, please address it with your personal physician or other health care professional."


I listened to a couple of the podcasts. They are interesting and informative but directed towards laymen. Visit the site here or read the about page.

That adds one more podcast to my subscription list!

Thanks to Berci Mesko for sharing the site on Twitter.

Do you follow any other medical podcasts? Please share them with us.





Image credit: derrickkwa - creative commons .

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November 14, 2008

Medically important Parasites + Images (mosquitoes)

Medical entomology deals with the study of arthropods which cause or transmit disease to man.


We will focus on Family Culicidae here:

Culicidae include:

  • Culex
  • Aedes
  • Anopheles

Members of this subfamily are characterized by:
  1. Long proboscis
  2. Presence of scales on body
  3. Female feeds on blood while the male feeds on plant juices.

Anopheles
Transmits the following diseases:
  • Human malaria (Malaria is a vector-borne infectious disease caused by protozoan parasites. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, including parts of the Americas, Asia, and Africa. Each year, there are approximately 515 million cases of malaria, killing between one and three million people.)
  • Wuchereria bancrofti (Wuchereria bancrofti is a parasitic filarial nematode worm spread by a mosquito vector. It is one of the three parasites that cause lymphatic filariasis. It affects over 120 million people, primarily in Africa, South America, and other tropical and sub-tropical countries. Elephantiasis can result if the infection is left untreated. Limited treatment modalities exist and no vaccines have been developed.)
anopheles



Culex
Transmits the following diseases:
  • Wuchereria bancrofti
  • Viral encephalitis (Encephalitis is an acute inflammation of the brain.)
  • Rift valley fever (Rift Valley Fever is a viral zoonosis (affects primarily domestic livestock, but can be passed to humans) causing fever. The disease is caused by the RVF virus, a member of the genus Phlebovirus (family Bunyaviridae).)
culex



Aedes
Transmits the following diseases:
  • Yellow fever (Yellow fever (also called yellow jack, black vomit or sometimes American Plague) is an acute viral disease. It is an important cause of hemorrhagic illness in many African and South American countries despite existence of an effective vaccine. The yellow refers to the jaundice symptoms that affect some patients.)
  • Dengue fever (Dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever are acute febrile diseases, found in the tropics and Africa, and caused by four closely related virus serotypes of the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae.)
  • Wucherecia bancrofti


-------------------------------------------

-Image credits: CDC.gov --- All images are in the public domain.
-For more free medical images, please visit: Medical Images Public Domain (a group on Flickr)

Related posts:

  1. Medically Important Parasites (trematoda-flukes) + free good quality images
  2. Medically Important Parasites (cestoda-tapeworm) + free good quality images
  3. Medically Important Parasites (nematoda-roundworms) + free good quality images
  4. Medically Important Bacteria + free good quality images (Part I)
  5. Medically Important Bacteria + free good quality images (Part II)
  6. Medically Important Viruses + free good quality images (Part I)
  7. Medically Important Viruses + free good quality images (Part II)


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November 13, 2008

Medically Important Parasites + FREE Images (Protozoa)

According to wikipedia: Protozoa are unicellular eukaryotes, (singular protozoan). While there is no exact definition of the term, most scientists use protozoan to refer to a unicellular heterotrophic protist, like amoebas and ciliates.

Some protozoa have life stages alternating between proliferative stages (eg trophozoites) and dormant cysts. As cysts, protozoa can survive harsh conditions, such as exposure to extreme temperatures and harmful chemicals, or long periods without access to nutrients, water, or oxygen for a period of time. Being a cyst enables parasitic species to survive outside of the host, and allows their transmission from one host to another.

When protozoa are in the form of trophozoites (Greek, tropho=to nourish), they actively feed and grow. The process by which the protozoa takes its cyst form is called encystation, while the process of transforming back into trophozoite is called excystation. Protozoa can reproduce by binary fission or multiple fission. Some protozoa reproduce sexually, some asexually, while some use a combination, (eg. Coccidia). An individual protozoan is hermaphroditic.



Images of some medically important protozoa:



Entamoeba hitolytica trophozoite
Entamoeba hitolytica trophozoite



Entamoeba Histolytica cyst
Entamoeba Histolytica cyst



Entamoeba Coli trophozoite
Entamoeba Coli trophozoite



Entamoeba coli cyst
Entamoeba coli cyst



Balantidium Coli cyst
Balantidium Coli cyst



Giardia Lamblia trophozoite
Giardia Lamblia trophozoite



Trichomona Vaginalis trophozoite
Trichomona Vaginalis trophozoite



Naeglaria Fowleri in brain tissue
Naeglaria Fowleri in brain tissue



Acanthamoeba cyst in brain tissue
Acanthamoeba cyst in brain tissue



Dientamoeba Fragilis
Dientamoeba Fragilis


-Image credits: CDC.gov --- All images are in the public domain.
-For more free medical images: Medical Images Public Domain (a group on Flickr)
-Related posts:
  1. Medically Important Parasites (trematoda-flukes) + free good quality images
  2. Medically Important Parasites (cestoda-tapeworm) + free good quality images
  3. Medically Important Parasites (nematoda-roundworms) + free good quality images
  4. Medically Important Bacteria + free good quality images (Part I)
  5. Medically Important Bacteria + free good quality images (Part II)
  6. Medically Important Viruses + free good quality images (Part I)
  7. Medically Important Viruses + free good quality images (Part II)



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November 12, 2008

How do you pronounce that? -link-



Ever wondered how to pronounce a new word and felt a little embarrassed to ask? No more worries. You can look up how to pronounce any word in so many languages over at frovo dot com.


http://forvo.com/

"Forvo is the place where you´ll find millions of words pronounced in their original languages. Cool, isn´t it?"


Do you know of any other sites that provide similar services?


Photo credit: affinity1 - creative commons

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Is Aspartame Really Bad For You?



The Truth About Aspartame (from Skeptoid dot com) - Read Transcript - Listen to Podcast




Photo credit: blmurch - Creative commons

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November 11, 2008

Networking with regular readers of this blog




Dear virtual friends, other than over here, you can find me on YouTube, Prep4usmle, FriendFeed, Facebook, Flickr, Google Reader, Skype, and Google Talk. If you would like to be my friend on any of those, let me know.

Oh, and if by any chance I did not exchange links with you till now, let me know. I will be happy to.





Image Credit: christophercarfi , creative commons.



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New web 2.0 tools/sites you might find useful

http://www.tungle.com/Home/


Tungle is your solution for easy meeting scheduling with one or many people, inside and outside your business. Tungle doesn't replace your calendar, it transforms it into the ultimate scheduling service. Tungle allows you to: Dynamically propose meeting times to anyone with an email address, and allows them to choose a time that is convenient for them – without any download or forced registration. Share your calendar across company boundaries with any other Tungle user, independent of which calendar application they are using. Tungle can be used on its own, or with Outlook (with or without Exchange), Google Calendar, Apple iCal and Entourage for Mac.


http://songza.com/

Songza is the single best place to search for and listen to music on the Web. Find a song and listen immediately, in one place. Unlike KaZaa or Bit Torrent, Songza users can only listen to songs, not download them. And unlike Last.fm or Rhapsody, Songza permits users to choose exactly the song or artist they want to hear, and does not require them to subscribe or pay for its services.


http://fotoflexer.com/

FotoFlexer is the world's most advanced online digital photo editor. It performs advanced effects previously only available to professionals using expensive software.


http://www.tubemogul.com/

TubeMogul is the first online video analytics and distribution company serving publishers large and small who need independent information about video performance on the Internet and automated upload to the Web's top video sharing sites.

TubeMogul's analytic technology aggregates video-viewing data from multiple sources to give publishers improved understanding of when, where and how often videos are watched, track and compare what's hot and what's not, measure the impact of marketing campaigns, gather competitive intelligence, and share the data with colleagues or friends.

For sites that host their own video, TubeMogul offers tracking far beyond the traditional metric of video "views." TubeMogul InPlay, which can be set up in any Flash video player within minutes, tracks rich viewership metrics such as audience engagement, attention span and site performance -- all in real-time.


http://notifu.com/

Our vision is to become the easist way to send a message to an individual or group, know that the message was received, and gather responses to make simple decisions.


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